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APPREHENDED VIOLENCE ORDER (AVO)

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Do you have an AVO against you?

AVOs are a complex area of law governed by the Crimes (Domestic and Personal Violence) Act 2007. An AVO on its own is not a criminal matter and falls under the civil jurisdiction of the courts. It has a lower burden of proof that needs to be met (on the balance of probabilities). In the opinion of the court, the events alleged are likely to have occurred. 

If an AVO has charges attached to it, e.g. malicious damage, then the charges fall under the criminal jurisdiction of the court. Criminal charges have a separate burden of proof (beyond reasonable doubt) and increase the seriousness of the matter.

The complexities of AVOs mean that it is essential you have appropriate and reliable legal representation. Jameson Law know how to navigate the complexities of the legal system and can take the stress out of applying for or defending an AVO.

AVO

What is an AVO?

In New South Wales, a restraining order is known as an AVO. It is an enforceable court order for the safety and protection of an individual or group of people. There are two (2) types of apprehended violence orders:

1. Apprehended Domestic Violence Order (ADVO)

2. Apprehended Personal Violence Order (APVO)

Apprehended Domestic Violence Orders (ADVOs)

ADVOs apply where incidents of alleged domestic or family violence offences have occurred. Domestic violence offences are an offence committed by one person against another person with whom the person who commits the offence has (or had) a domestic relationship. This means anyone you have or had an intimate relationship with such as a partner, child, roommate, etc.

Domestic violence offences are not just acts of physical violence such as assaulting someone. They can include actions or behaviour such as stalking, harassing or intimidating, causing a fear of mental or physical harm. For example, unwanted phone/social media contact.

Apprehended Personal Violence Orders (APVOs)

Apprehended Personal Violence Orders apply where incidents of alleged personal violence offences have occurred. The court only needs to be satisfied that the PINOP (person in need of protection) has reasonable grounds to fear and in fact fears:

  • an act of violence; OR
  • intimidation; OR
  • stalking
AVO 2 1

What happens if I’m served with an AVO?

If you are served with an AVO, you should contact a legal practitioner as soon as possible, especially if criminal charges are included. If you have any evidence to contradict the AVO, you should make copies of it and give it to your lawyer.

Do NOT contact the protected person as this may result in you breaching the order.

If you have family law proceedings in process and you need to communicate with the other party, it is best to do so through your lawyer.

Should I agree to an AVO?

You should NOT agree to an AVO without consulting a legal practitioner first. Agreeing to an AVO can have serious consequences. For example, if you work in the security industry, it may impact on your ability to maintain a firearms licence. If you require a Working with Children Check as part of your employment, an AVO can impact on your clearance if children are included in the order. While an AVO is not a criminal matter, an order and any charges attached to it can impact on your ability to obtain a visa for countries such as the United States of America. AVOs can also impact on family law and immigration matters.

Do you have to go to court for an AVO? 

Yes. Once you or the police make an application for an AVO, the matter will go before the court so both parties can present their evidence.

If the police make the application on your behalf, they will present your matter to the court, however, you may be required to give evidence. If you decide you no longer want the police to continue with your matter, you should speak to the officer in charge of your matter. However, the police may continue with the application if they fear for your safety based on available evidence or there are children involved.

If you make an application to the court, you will be required to present your case to the court. You will need to present any evidence you have to the court. For example, witness statements, text messages, photos, social media messages, etc. If you have witness statements, your witnesses must come to court to provide oral evidence.

If you are concerned about your safety at court, contact the court to enquire about their DV safe room.

How long does an AVO last for?

An APVO lasts for as long as the court specifies. In the absence of a specified date, the order lasts for 12 months after the date the order is made.

An ADVO lasts for as long as the court specifies. In the absence of a specified date, the order lasts for two (2) years after the date the order is made. However, if the defendant is under the age of 18 at the time the order is made and no time limit has been given, the order lasts for one (1) year.

AVO Process in NSW:

The AVO process is slightly different depending on who makes the application for an order:

STEP 1

Complaint Made to Police

Where investigating police hold concerns for the safety of the PINOP (person/s in need of protection), they will issue a Provisional Order. This order is enforceable until the matter goes to court. The order will include the mandatory conditions 1 (a), (b) and (c) as well as any additional orders required.w

STEP 1

STEP 2

Provisional Order Issued by Police

The Court Attendance Notice will indicate the date, time and Court that you need to attend. This can be found at the top of the first page of your Court Attendance Notice. Your matter will be listed for mention before a Magistrate at which time, you can elect to either:

1. Adjourn the matter to obtain legal advice if you have not already done so in which case your matter will be listed on another day for mention; or

2. Enter a plea of guilty or not guilty. Note: entering a plea of guilty means that you admit that you are guilty of the charge although you may not agree with everything written in the police facts. Entering a plea of not guilty means you do not admit to the charge. The matter will be adjourned to another day for hearing if you plead not guilty or sentencing may be done on the spot for summary offences if you enter a plea of guilty.

If your matter is considered an indictable offence, it may be necessary to move the matter to the District Court or the Supreme Court depending on the severity of the offence. In saying that section 475A of the Crimes Act 1900 provides that the Supreme Court can also hear summary offences of conspiracy to cheat and defraud:

…proceedings for any offence mentioned in Schedule 10 may, pursuant to Part 5 of Chapter 4 of the Criminal Procedure Act 1986 by the Attorney-General or the Director of Public Prosecutions, be taken before the Supreme Court in its summary jurisdiction.

STEP 2

STEP 3

Court Mention

A mention date will be set by the court for the matter to be heard. At the mention, the defendant (person fighting the ADVO) can consent to the order or defend it. If they consent to it, that means they agree to the terms of the order and agree to follow it. The matter is finished and a final AVO is made. Some jurisdictions provide a third option that allows defendants to make an undertaking, a promise to the court not to do certain things.

If they decide to defend it, a new date for a brief mention will be set by the court and dates each party (the police and the defendant) must supply copies of their evidence. The court will review the provisional ADVO issued by police and will make any necessary changes. This is known as an Interim AVO.

STEP 3

STEP 4

Brief Mention to Defend AVO

A brief mention is similar to a meeting between parties that takes place in court. It allows both parties to inform the court of any evidence that may be missing or any amendments that need to be made. The court then sets a date for a hearing. The Interim AVO remains in place until the hearing date and must be complied with.

STEP 4

STEP 5

Hearing

The hearing is the final step in the process. Both parties present their evidence and the court makes a final order. If you have charges attached to your AVO and are found guilty of the charges, the court will automatically enforce an AVO. Once a final order is made, breaches of that order are dealt with under criminal law.

STEP 5

STEP 1

Contact Jameson Law

Contact a legal practitioner or your local court to ask about how you can make an AVO application. An application has very specific requirements that must be met.

STEP 1

STEP 2

Apply

Lodge your application.

STEP 2

STEP 3

Court Mention

A mention date will be set by the court for the matter to be heard. At the mention, the defendant (person fighting the ADVO) can consent to the order or defend it. If they consent to it, that means they agree to the terms of the order and agree to follow it. The matter is finished and a final AVO is made. Some jurisdictions provide a third option that allows defendants to make an undertaking, a promise to the court not to do certain things.

If they decide to defend it, a new date for a brief mention will be set by the court and dates each party (the applicant and the defendant) must supply copies of their evidence. The court will review the orders sought on the application and may issue an Interim Order.

STEP 3

STEP 4

Brief Mention to Defend AVO

A brief mention is similar to a meeting between parties that takes place in court. It allows both parties to inform the court of any evidence that may be missing or any amendments that need to be made. The court then sets a date for a hearing. The Interim AVO remains in place until the hearing date and must be complied with.

STEP 4

STEP 5

Hearing

The hearing is the final step in the process. Both parties present their evidence and the court makes a final order.

STEP 5
AVO 2

Disclaimer

The above is general legal information and should not be considered legal advice. You should speak with one of our criminal lawyers for legal advice tailored to your specific legal matter. The penalties listed are maximum penalties. The courts deal with matters on a case by case basis. It should also be noted that there may be court delays due to COVID-19.

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Frequently Asked Questions.

In NSW, the Crimes (Domestic and Personal Violence) Act defines domestic violence and family violence as:

An offence committed by a person against another person with whom the person who commits the offence has (or has had) a domestic relationship being –

a) a personal violence offence; or

b) an offence (other than a personal violence offence) that arises from substantially the same circumstances as those from which a personal violence offence has arisen; or

c) an offence (other than a personal violence offence) the commission of which is intended to coerce or control the person against whom it is committed or to cause that person to be intimidated or fearful (or both)

It depends on the court diary as to how quick the process is. COVID-19 has impacted on NSW courts and may result in delays, especially in Sydney courts.

No. You must be able to prove you have reasonable grounds to fear or in fact fear

  • The commission of personal or domestic violence offence; OR
  • Intimidation; OR 
  • Stalking

It is an offence to make false statements and can result in 12 months imprisonment, a fine of $1100.00 or both.

Breaching an AVO is a serious criminal offence and can result in a criminal conviction. The maximum penalty for breaching an AVO is 2 years imprisonment or a fine of $5,500.00 or both.

You do not require Police assistance to apply for an AVO. A private AVO (APVO) can be placed without police assistance. You can speak to one of our criminal defence lawyers or an Australian Legal Practitioner to assist you to complete and file an application to the Local Court, or you can download and file an application yourself from the Court’s website. It is recommended that you obtain legal advice before filing an application. The process can be complex and you may not have sufficient or admissible evidence to support your application. You will be required to pay a filing fee when you lodge your application and if your application is unsuccessful, you may be required to pay a court fee and costs to the other party.

An AVO is an enforceable court order for the safety and protection of an individual or group of people. There are two (2) types of apprehended violence orders:

1. Apprehended Domestic Violence Order (ADVO)

2. Apprehended Personal Violence Order (APVO)

 

ADVOs apply where incidents of alleged domestic or family violence offences have occurred. Domestic violence offences are an offence committed by one person against another person with whom the person who commits the offence has (or had) a domestic relationship. This means anyone you have or had an intimate relationship with such as a partner, child, roommate, etc.

 

Apprehended Personal Violence Orders apply where incidents of alleged personal violence offences have occurred. For example between friends, work colleagues, neighbours, etc.

Order 1 is the only mandatory order in an AVO. It applies to provisional, interim and final AVOs. It states:

You must not do any of the following to <protected people>, or anyone she/he/they has/have a domestic relationship with:

(a) assault or threaten her/him/they,

(b) stalk, harass or intimidate her/him/they, and

(c) intentionally or recklessly destroy or damage any property or harm an animal that belongs to or is in the possession of protected people.

This order will remain in place even if you successfully applied to have the AVO amended to remove other conditions.

You can apply to the Local Court to amend or revoke an AVO. However, it is unlikely that a Court will amend or revoke an AVO if:

a) The Police have made the application on behalf of the PINOP and hold concerns for the PINOP’s safety

b) The PINOP does not consent to the Order being changed or revoked

c) The Court is not satisfied that it is appropriate to do so

You are in breach of an ADVO/APVO if you fail to comply with any of the conditions set out in the order. For example, contacting the PINOP when the order states that you cannot them.

The Police regularly conduct compliance checks to make sure people are complying with their ADVO/APVOs, however, anyone can make a report to the Police that an order is not being complied with.

The Police will investigate the allegations and determine whether a breach has occurred. If they believe it has, you can be arrested and charged with contravene prohibition/restriction in AVO. You may or may not be granted bail, depending on the seriousness of the breach, and required to appear in Court at a later date.

Breaching an AVO is a serious criminal offence and can result in a criminal conviction. The maximum penalty for breaching an AVO is 2 years imprisonment or a fine of $5,500.00 or both.

Since 2007 domestic violence offences have been dealt with under Criminal Law. They are also governed by state legislation, meaning that NSW has its own legislation regarding domestic violence criminal offences. The victims of crime in such cases are considered persons with whom the accused has or a had a domestic relationship. This may be a current or ex-partner or even a sibling, child or parent. Young people and child related matter may become more severe and lead to other proceedings being commenced in the children’s court. 

It is important to realise that domestic violence offences are dealt with in the same way that other criminal offences are dealt with by the Court. Do not take this lightly and seek legal advice as soon as you become aware of any charges being brought against you in that regard.

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